Further Material on Maintaining Standards across Languages, Contexts and Administrations by exploiting Teacher Judgment and IRT Scaling

In setting standards, the issue of their maintenance over time, of their continuity within the developmental and operational testing cycle is fundamental. It is important to try and relate the setting and maintaining of standards to such a cycle. It is this area with which this document is essentially concerned. It also suggests ways of using teacher judgements to set standards, using CEFR-based descriptors and/or assessment criteria to establish a link across languages.